A prosthesis is an artificial replacement body part. It is made for a part of the body that may have been missing at birth, or that is lost in an accident or through amputation. Some people have a limb removed (amputated) as part of treatment for cancer, diabetes or severe infection.
A prosthesis might also be used as an alternative to reconstructive surgery. For example, a prosthetic breast may be created after a breast has been removed to treat cancer.
Today, prostheses for areas such as the hands, feet and face look very natural. They are often used to improve appearance rather than replace the function of the missing limbs. However, technological developments are also improving the function of limb prostheses. Some modern prosthetic limbs have battery-powered motors that help improve the prostheses' function. An example would be a hand prosthesis with moving fingers.
Prostheses may also include surgically implanted artificial body parts, such as:
If you have one of these, your medical team will advise you on maintaining your health and lifestyle following the surgery.
You might also have heard the word orthosis or orthotic used. An orthosis provides external support to a limb or body part, while a prosthesis replaces it. For example, an artificial leg is a prosthesis, while a splint to support the leg is an orthosis.
Limb prostheses include:
Other types of prosthesis include:
Prosthetists are health professionals who specialise in prostheses. If you need one, they will work with your medical team to design and fit your prosthesis and help you use and care for it.
If you need an orthotic device to correct problems with posture and walking, you might also be assisted by an orthotist.
Protheses can cost thousands of dollars, but there are many sources of funding. The cost might be covered in full or in part by:
Public funding can be limited. You might choose to pay more out-of-pocket to get a higher quality model prosthesis than one that public funding would offer. Speak with your prosthetist about the right prosthetic treatment plan for you. They will discuss with you all the associated costs, so you can make an informed decision.
Funding for breast prostheses is available under the External Breast Prostheses Reimbursement Program.
Prosthetics covered by private health insurance are listed on the Prostheses List . Most private health insurance doesn't fund prosthetic limbs or cosmetic prosthetics, but you should check with your insurer what they will cover.
Talk to your health professional about costs and funding sources. Remember to also ask about the costs of surgery, scans, tests and hospital stays.
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Prostheses for children can allow them to be active and develop. Growing children will usually need to have their prostheses adjusted every few months, or more often if they are having a growth spurt. If they outgrow a prosthesis, another will need to be made.
Learning how to use a prosthesis can be challenging and tiring for anyone, especially a child. Limbs4Kids is an organisation that provides support for children who are missing a limb and for their families.
The Australian Government offers a range of allowances that relate to parenting and disability. These include:
Visit the Services Australia or Carer Gateway websites for more information.
A prosthesis can help you cope better with day-to-day activities, but it can take time to get used to.
You'll need regular check-ups, and adjustments to make the prosthesis as comfortable and useful as possible. You might also need a plan for rehabilitation to make sure you benefit from your prosthesis as much as possible.
You will need to take care of yourself and your prosthesis. This may include: